See 草原 on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "草原"
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "草原",
"2": "そうげん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "草原(そうげん) (sōgen)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "초원(草原)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "草原",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thảo nguyên",
"bor": "1",
"id": "草原",
"t": "",
"tr": "草原"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "草原",
"2": "そうげん",
"3": "초원",
"4": "thảo nguyên",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "草原",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "草原",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "草原",
"v": "草原",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (草原):\n* → Japanese: 草原(そうげん) (sōgen)\n* → Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "そうげん",
"3": "초원",
"4": "thảo nguyên"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (草原):\n* → Japanese: 草原(そうげん) (sōgen)\n* → Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (草原):\n* → Japanese: 草原(そうげん) (sōgen)\n* → Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "zh:Geography",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "大草原"
},
{
"roman": "xīshù cǎoyuán",
"word": "稀樹草原"
},
{
"roman": "xīshù cǎoyuán",
"word": "稀树草原"
},
{
"roman": "Cǎoyuán sānshěng",
"word": "草原三省"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Korean Literary Sinitic",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 13th century, Il-yeon, Samguk yusa",
"text": "草原縱獵床頭臥 酒肆狂歌井-底眠",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The grasslands of Qinghai cannot be seen at a glance.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1978, 費玉清 (Fei Yu-ching) (lyricist 劉家昌), 中華民國頌",
"roman": "Qīnghǎi de cǎoyuán, yīyǎn kàn bù wán",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "青海的草原 一眼看不完",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grassland; prairie; steppe; savanna"
],
"id": "en-草原-zh-noun-AUOP8-ID",
"links": [
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"prairie",
"prairie"
],
[
"steppe",
"steppe"
],
[
"savanna",
"savanna"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gāncǎoyuán",
"word": "乾草原"
},
{
"roman": "gāncǎoyuán",
"word": "干草原"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "稀樹草原"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "稀树草原"
},
{
"roman": "cǎodì",
"word": "草地"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "草埔"
},
{
"roman": "cǎochǎng",
"word": "草場"
},
{
"roman": "cǎochǎng",
"word": "草场"
},
{
"roman": "cǎodiàn",
"word": "草甸"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "薩瓦納"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "萨瓦纳"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cǎoyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄠˇ ㄩㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cou² jyun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngiàn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chháu-goân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "cǎoyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cǎoyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tsʻao³-yüan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tsǎu-ywán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsaoyuan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цаоюань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "caojuanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chóu yùhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsou² jyn⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "cou² yun⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰou̯³⁵ jyːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "co^ˋ ngien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "co³ ngian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "co^ˋ ngian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "co³ ngian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chháu-goân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsháu-guân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zhaw'goaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰou̯³⁵ jyːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²³/"
}
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sōgen"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "草原",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "そうげん"
},
"expansion": "learned borrowing from Chinese 草原 (cǎoyuán)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Might be a learned borrowing from Chinese 草原 (cǎoyuán). Alternatively, it might be a reanalysis of 草原 (kusahara), applying the expected on'yomi to the spelling to imbue the term with a higher register.\nFirst cited with this sōgen reading to a newspaper article published in 1871.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "草原",
"ruby": [
[
"草",
"そう"
],
[
"原",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "sōgen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "saugen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "さうげん",
"roman": "saugen",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "そうげん",
"hhira": "さうげん"
},
"expansion": "草(そう)原(げん) • (sōgen) ^(←さうげん (saugen)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 21 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 14 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 26 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 24 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 24 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It may be small, but its defense strength is considerable in grasslands.",
"ref": "2014 March 8, “ルイーズ (Ruīzu, “Louise”)”, in 決闘王の記憶 － 決闘者の王国編 (“Memories of the Duel King: Duelist Kingdom Arc”), Konami:",
"roman": "Karada wa chīsai ga, sōgen de no shubiryoku wa kanari tsuyoi.",
"ruby": [
[
"体",
"からだ"
],
[
"小",
"ちい"
],
[
"草",
"そう"
],
[
"原",
"げん"
],
[
"守",
"しゅ"
],
[
"備",
"び"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
],
[
"強",
"つよ"
]
],
"text": "体は小さいが、草原での守備力はかなり強い。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grassland, meadow"
],
"id": "en-草原-ja-noun-ItCAKvnA",
"links": [
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"meadow",
"meadow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 21 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 14 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 26 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 24 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 24 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"steppe, savanna, prairie"
],
"id": "en-草原-ja-noun-d~uvFoTQ",
"links": [
[
"steppe",
"steppe"
],
[
"savanna",
"savanna"
],
[
"prairie",
"prairie"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "そーげん"
},
{
"ipa": "[so̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "kusahara"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "草",
"3": "原",
"sort": "くさはら",
"t1": "grass",
"t2": "wild or uncultivated field, plain, flatland",
"tr1": "kusa",
"tr2": "hara"
},
"expansion": "草 (kusa, “grass”) + 原 (hara, “wild or uncultivated field, plain, flatland”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 草 (kusa, “grass”) + 原 (hara, “wild or uncultivated field, plain, flatland”).\nFirst cited with the kusahara reading to a text from the late 1500s.\nOccasionally encountered with an alternative reading of kusawara.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "草原",
"ruby": [
[
"草",
"くさ"
],
[
"原",
"はら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "草原",
"ruby": [
[
"草",
"くさ"
],
[
"原",
"わら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusahara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kusawara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くさはら",
"2": "くさわら"
},
"expansion": "草(くさ)原(はら) or 草(くさ)原(わら) • (kusahara or kusawara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 21 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 14 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 26 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 30 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 24 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 24 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grassland, meadow"
],
"id": "en-草原-ja-noun-ItCAKvnA1",
"links": [
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"meadow",
"meadow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くさはら"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟sa̠ha̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"other": "くさわら"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟sa̠β̞a̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Kōjien",
"Shinmura Izuru"
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "chowon",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "초원",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "초원"
},
"expansion": "草原 • (chowon) (hangeul 초원)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "grassland",
"word": "초원"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 초원 (“grassland”)"
],
"id": "en-草原-ko-noun-6sscxjY~",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"초원",
"초원#Korean:_草原"
],
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of thảo nguyên (“grassland; steppe”)."
],
"id": "en-草原-vi-noun-GjD7xila",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"thảo nguyên",
"thảo nguyên#Vietnamese:_草原"
],
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"steppe",
"steppe"
]
]
}
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "大草原"
},
{
"roman": "xīshù cǎoyuán",
"word": "稀樹草原"
},
{
"roman": "xīshù cǎoyuán",
"word": "稀树草原"
},
{
"roman": "Cǎoyuán sānshěng",
"word": "草原三省"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "草原"
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "草原",
"2": "そうげん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "草原(そうげん) (sōgen)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "초원(草原)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "草原",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thảo nguyên",
"bor": "1",
"id": "草原",
"t": "",
"tr": "草原"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "草原",
"2": "そうげん",
"3": "초원",
"4": "thảo nguyên",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "草原",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "草原",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "草原",
"v": "草原",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (草原):\n* → Japanese: 草原(そうげん) (sōgen)\n* → Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "そうげん",
"3": "초원",
"4": "thảo nguyên"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (草原):\n* → Japanese: 草原(そうげん) (sōgen)\n* → Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (草原):\n* → Japanese: 草原(そうげん) (sōgen)\n* → Korean: 초원(草原) (chowon)\n* → Vietnamese: thảo nguyên (草原)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 原",
"Chinese terms spelled with 草",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Literary Chinese usage examples",
"zh:Geography"
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Korean Literary Sinitic",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 13th century, Il-yeon, Samguk yusa",
"text": "草原縱獵床頭臥 酒肆狂歌井-底眠",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The grasslands of Qinghai cannot be seen at a glance.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1978, 費玉清 (Fei Yu-ching) (lyricist 劉家昌), 中華民國頌",
"roman": "Qīnghǎi de cǎoyuán, yīyǎn kàn bù wán",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "青海的草原 一眼看不完",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grassland; prairie; steppe; savanna"
],
"links": [
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"prairie",
"prairie"
],
[
"steppe",
"steppe"
],
[
"savanna",
"savanna"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cǎoyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄠˇ ㄩㄢˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cou² jyun⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngiàn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chháu-goân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "cǎoyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cǎoyuán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tsʻao³-yüan²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tsǎu-ywán"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsaoyuan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цаоюань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "caojuanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chóu yùhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsou² jyn⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "cou² yun⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰou̯³⁵ jyːn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngièn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "co^ˋ ngien^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "co³ ngian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯en¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "chhó-ngiàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "co^ˋ ngian^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "co³ ngian²"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯an¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chháu-goân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsháu-guân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zhaw'goaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰou̯³⁵ jyːn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯en¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰo³¹ ŋi̯an¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡuan²³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gāncǎoyuán",
"word": "乾草原"
},
{
"roman": "gāncǎoyuán",
"word": "干草原"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "稀樹草原"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "稀树草原"
},
{
"roman": "cǎodì",
"word": "草地"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "草埔"
},
{
"roman": "cǎochǎng",
"word": "草場"
},
{
"roman": "cǎochǎng",
"word": "草场"
},
{
"roman": "cǎodiàn",
"word": "草甸"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "薩瓦納"
},
{
"roman": "savanna",
"word": "萨瓦纳"
}
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese learned borrowings from Chinese",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sōgen"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "zh",
"3": "草原",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "そうげん"
},
"expansion": "learned borrowing from Chinese 草原 (cǎoyuán)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Might be a learned borrowing from Chinese 草原 (cǎoyuán). Alternatively, it might be a reanalysis of 草原 (kusahara), applying the expected on'yomi to the spelling to imbue the term with a higher register.\nFirst cited with this sōgen reading to a newspaper article published in 1871.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "草原",
"ruby": [
[
"草",
"そう"
],
[
"原",
"げん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "sōgen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "saugen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "さうげん",
"roman": "saugen",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "そうげん",
"hhira": "さうげん"
},
"expansion": "草(そう)原(げん) • (sōgen) ^(←さうげん (saugen)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It may be small, but its defense strength is considerable in grasslands.",
"ref": "2014 March 8, “ルイーズ (Ruīzu, “Louise”)”, in 決闘王の記憶 － 決闘者の王国編 (“Memories of the Duel King: Duelist Kingdom Arc”), Konami:",
"roman": "Karada wa chīsai ga, sōgen de no shubiryoku wa kanari tsuyoi.",
"ruby": [
[
"体",
"からだ"
],
[
"小",
"ちい"
],
[
"草",
"そう"
],
[
"原",
"げん"
],
[
"守",
"しゅ"
],
[
"備",
"び"
],
[
"力",
"りょく"
],
[
"強",
"つよ"
]
],
"text": "体は小さいが、草原での守備力はかなり強い。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grassland, meadow"
],
"links": [
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"meadow",
"meadow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"steppe, savanna, prairie"
],
"links": [
[
"steppe",
"steppe"
],
[
"savanna",
"savanna"
],
[
"prairie",
"prairie"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "そーげん"
},
{
"ipa": "[so̞ːɡẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "kusahara"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "草",
"3": "原",
"sort": "くさはら",
"t1": "grass",
"t2": "wild or uncultivated field, plain, flatland",
"tr1": "kusa",
"tr2": "hara"
},
"expansion": "草 (kusa, “grass”) + 原 (hara, “wild or uncultivated field, plain, flatland”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 草 (kusa, “grass”) + 原 (hara, “wild or uncultivated field, plain, flatland”).\nFirst cited with the kusahara reading to a text from the late 1500s.\nOccasionally encountered with an alternative reading of kusawara.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "草原",
"ruby": [
[
"草",
"くさ"
],
[
"原",
"はら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "草原",
"ruby": [
[
"草",
"くさ"
],
[
"原",
"わら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kusahara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kusawara",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くさはら",
"2": "くさわら"
},
"expansion": "草(くさ)原(はら) or 草(くさ)原(わら) • (kusahara or kusawara)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"grassland, meadow"
],
"links": [
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"meadow",
"meadow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くさはら"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟sa̠ha̠ɾa̠]"
},
{
"other": "くさわら"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟sa̠β̞a̠ɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
"Kōjien",
"Shinmura Izuru"
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "chowon",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "초원",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "초원"
},
"expansion": "草原 • (chowon) (hangeul 초원)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with manual fragments",
"Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "grassland",
"word": "초원"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 초원 (“grassland”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"초원",
"초원#Korean:_草原"
],
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "草原"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "草原",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of thảo nguyên (“grassland; steppe”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"thảo nguyên",
"thảo nguyên#Vietnamese:_草原"
],
[
"grassland",
"grassland"
],
[
"steppe",
"steppe"
]
]
}
],
"word": "草原"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 草原 meaning in All languages combined (13.5kB)
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "草原",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "草原",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "草原",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)'",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "草原",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "草原",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "草原",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "草原",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
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"path": [
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"path": [
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"section": "Japanese",
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{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"草原"
],
"section": "Japanese",
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"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.